H-2Kb protein is a major histocompatibility class I molecule expressed in mice, playing a crucial role in antigen presentation and immune response. It is involved in the processing and presentation of endogenous and exogenous peptide antigens via the MHC class I pathway, facilitating T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. H-2Kb is also implicated in the regulation of local cortical circuits in the brain, with its absence leading to excess connectivity that can function as a substrate for cortical plasticity. Additionally, H-2Kb has been studied in the context of viral infections, such as vesicular stomatitis virus, where it forms complexes with viral peptides and beta-2 microglobulin, providing insights into the structural basis of antigen recognition.